User blogs

Laser pointer can help you signal for help from others. Whether you go camping a lot or are an avid hiker, a laser pointer can help you prepare for the unexpected. These days, many people like to travel alone and laser pointers can be a great tool to help others a few miles away. One can choose the best burning laser pointer and use it to pop balloons, light matches, and create flames with gasoline or lighter fluid.

Green laser pointer can be used for light painting, an innovative form of photography that combines natural and handheld light sources to create stunningly beautiful landscapes.

Laser engraver are widely used in astronomy, primarily for pointing at stars. With their unique ability to emit straight and highly visible beams, laser pointers are able to pinpoint starting points and constellations. Lasers are an effective means of keeping birds away from unwanted areas. It helps to make birds fly away without harming them, because they won't come back if they are frightened.

Most consumer uses - other than killing aquarium growths - do not require more than 5 milliwatts (the traditional maximum for lasers sold as pointers in the United States). So why do some people buy handheld lasers of 25, 100, 250 or even 1000 milliwatts?

One reason is that there are some laser enthusiasts who like to experiment with lasers. They can create homemade laser light shows, they can do experiments involving burning or engraving materials, or they may like to pop balloons or popcorn wicks with light. An article in the New York Times quotes one 18-year-old hobbyist as saying, "You learn a lot in a hobby like this: electronics, soldering, physics. You also learn about light, you learn about optics. You learn a lot about mechanics, too."

The application of laser technology in the manufacturing industry is the focus of research in various countries. With the need for high efficiency, environmental protection and automation in industrial development, the application of laser technology has rapidly spread to many fields of manufacturing. On this basis, the green laser pointer welding process will become one of the important aspects of laser applications. Laser welding directly irradiates the laser beam onto the surface of the material to be welded, and the welding material is heated to a melting temperature or higher to fuse by the action of the laser and the material to complete the welding. Laser welding is essentially a process in which lasers interact with materials, involving phenomena such as reflection, absorption, heating, melting, and vaporization. Classification includes: heat transfer welding (which includes micro soldering) and deep soldering.

With the trend of miniaturization of electronic products, people's requirements for 3C products are getting higher and higher, resulting in higher and higher welding technology requirements for some 3C products, and the traditional welding processing methods cannot meet the requirements. As a high-quality, high-precision, low-deformation, high-efficiency and high-speed welding equipment, laser welding machine is becoming an important tool for metal material processing and manufacturing, and is increasingly used in 3C products. With the development of industrial manufacturing, efficient, agile and environmentally friendly processing technology will be favored. Laser welding with its high-energy beam focusing method can achieve deep welding, rapid welding and other welding processes that are difficult to achieve in the welding process, especially the blue laser pointer welding equipment is flexible, real-time online detection technology is mature, enabling it to Highly automated in mass production, a large number of laser welding production lines have been put into industrial production. Practice has proved that laser welding is widely used in the processing industry. Basically, the field of conventional welding technology can be used, laser welding can be competent, and the welding quality is higher and the processing efficiency is faster.

Laser welding is a process that uses the radiant energy of a laser to achieve effective welding. Its working principle is: to excite a laser active medium (such as a mixture of CO2 and other gases, YAG yttrium aluminum garnet crystal, etc.) in a specific way. The reciprocating oscillation in the cavity forms a stimulated radiation beam. When the beam is in contact with the workpiece, its energy is absorbed by the workpiece, and welding can be performed when the temperature reaches the melting point of the material.

Laser welding can be divided into heat conduction welding and deep fusion welding. The former heat is diffused to the inside of the workpiece through heat transfer, and only the surface of the weld is melted. The inside of the workpiece is not completely penetrated, and basically no vaporization occurs, and it is mostly used for low-speed thin wall. The welding of the material; the latter not only completely penetrates the material, but also vaporizes the material to form a large amount of plasma. Due to the large heat, a keyhole phenomenon occurs at the front end of the molten pool. Deep-fusion welding can thoroughly penetrate the workpiece, and has high input energy and fast welding speed. It is the most widely used burning laser pointer welding mode.

The reason why laser welding is so highly valued is its unique advantages:
1. Laser welding can achieve high quality joint strength and large aspect ratio, and the welding speed is relatively fast.
2. Since laser welding does not require a vacuum environment, remote control and automated production can be achieved through lenses and optical fibers.
3. The laser has a large power density, has good welding effect on difficult-to-weld materials such as titanium, quartz, etc., and can weld different performance materials.

Of course, laser welding also has shortcomings:
1. Laser and welding system parts are more expensive, so the initial investment and maintenance costs are higher than traditional welding processes, and the economic benefits are poor.
2. The conversion efficiency of laser welding is generally low (usually 5% to 30%) due to the low absorption rate of the laser by solid materials, especially after the plasma is present (the plasma has an absorption effect on the laser).
3. Due to the small spot size of the astronomy laser pointer welding, the precision of the equipment for the workpiece joint is high, and the small equipment deviation will cause a large processing error.

With the popularization of laser welding and the commercial production of lasers, the price of laser equipment has dropped significantly. The development of high-power lasers and the development and application of new hybrid welding methods have also improved the shortcomings of laser welding conversion efficiency. It is believed that in the near future, laser welding will gradually replace traditional welding processes (such as arc welding and resistance welding). Become the main way of industrial welding.

Laser cladding of high hardness, wear resistance and high temperature resistant coating characteristics, in order to prevent the parts working in the high speed, high temperature and high pressure and corrosive environment for local surface damage and scrap, improve the service life of the parts, all the countries in the world are committed to developing a variety of improved component surface performance technology. The traditional surface modification technology (such as spraying, spray plating, surfacing and so on) is not ideal because of the poor interlayer bonding force and the limit of the solid diffusion difference. The appearance of high power laser pointer and wide-band scanning device provides a new effective means for material surface modification. Laser cladding is a new surface modification technology with high economic efficiency. It can produce high performance cladding layer on cheap and low performance substrates, thereby reducing material costs, saving valuable rare metals and improving the service life of metal parts.

In modern aircraft manufacturing, titanium alloys and aluminum alloys are widely used. For example, the fourth generation fighter F-22 of the US has reached 41% of the body titanium alloy, while the amount of the advanced V2500 engine titanium alloy has reached 30%. Titanium and titanium alloy with high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, good heat resistance, can reduce body weight, improve performance. The defects of titanium alloys are low hardness and poor wear resistance. The hardness of pure titanium is 150 ~ 200HV, and the titanium alloy is usually not more than 350HV. In many cases, due to the formation of a dense oxide film on the surface of titanium and titanium alloy, it will play a role of anti-corrosion. However, when the oxide film ruptures, the environment is bad or crevice corrosion occurs, the corrosion resistance of titanium alloy will be greatly reduced.

The microhardness of the surface of the titanium alloy by laser cladding is 800-3000HV. The surface enhancement of aluminum alloy surface by green laser cladding is an effective method to solve the problems of poor wear resistance and plastic deformation on the surface of aluminum alloy. Compared with other surface strengthening methods, the method has metallurgical bonding characteristics between the reinforced layer and the aluminum matrix, and the bonding strength is high. The thickness of cladding layer is up to 1 ~ 3mm, and the microstructure is very small. The cladding layer has high hardness and good wear resistance, and has strong bearing capacity, so as to avoid cracks produced by the incompatibility between the soft matrix and the strengthened layer. In addition, the high performance ceramic coating on the surface of titanium alloy and aluminum alloy can be greatly improved with the wear resistance and high temperature resistance of the material.

In recent years, aviation gas turbine engine to high flow ratio, high thrust weight ratio and high inlet temperature in the direction of the combustion chamber, gas temperature and gas pressure increasing, such as military aircraft engine turbine inlet temperature has reached 1800 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the combustion chamber to reach 2000 to 2200 DEG C, so the high temperature has exceeded the existing high temperature alloy the melting point of. In addition to improving the cooling technology, the preparation of thermal barrier coatings made on the surface of high temperature alloy hot end components (Thermal Bamer Coating, TBCs) is very effective, it can reach 1700 DEG C or higher insulation effect, to meet the high performance of the engine should reduce the service force and material requirements of stability induced by temperature gradient and heat.

Since 1980s, laser cladding ceramic layer on material surface has obtained dense columnar crystal structure and increased strain tolerance. Dense and uniform 5mw laser pointer remelting microstructure and lower porosity can reduce the oxidation rate of the adhesive layer and prevent the penetration of corrosive medium. A high-power laser can be used to directly radiate ceramic or metal powder, melt it and form metallurgical bonding on the metal surface to obtain columnar crystal structure perpendicular to the surface. Because the order of solidification of the cladding layer is relatively small from the surface to the inside, so the structure is conducive to mitigate the thermal stress. For example, 8% (mass fraction) yttria partial stabilized zirconia (YPSZ) thermal barrier coating is obtained by laser cladding. Can also be placed in a uniform matrix mixed powder, mixed powder by high power laser radiation, the formation of molten pool by adjusting the laser power, spot size and scanning speed of the powder melting is good, and on this basis further by changing the composition into the molten pool constantly adding alloy powder, repeating the above process can obtain the gradient coating.

Laser cladding super abrasive and corrosion resistant alloy on the surface of key components can improve the service life of components and shorten the manufacturing cycle when the parts are not deformed. The thermal barrier coating produced by 500mw laser pointer cladding has good thermal insulation effect, which can meet the requirements of high performance aero engine to reduce temperature gradient, thermal induced stress and service stability of matrix materials.

Metal foil cutting is based on the design of the battery, a roll of metal foil along the long side cut into thin strips. Applicable to this part is the infrared pulse laser, high-speed high-quality cutting electrode plating. If the cutting width and quality have more precise requirements, you can also consider the pulse green and ultraviolet light. Metal foil cutting links refer to the design of the battery, the elongated strip of the anode film and cathode film cut into the desired shape. Depending on the battery design and whether the foil is fully coated, you can select or adjust the beam to cut the coating or cut only the foil. The green laser pointer used in this section is the same as the aluminum foil slit.

The best way to cut the round hole is to 1: 1, that is, the ratio of aperture and plate thickness is 1: 1. Of course, this ratio, that is, the larger the pore size, cut out the high quality circle Hole is easier. Otherwise, when the fiber laser cutting machine energy is insufficient, the cutting hole easy to break point off point and round hole is not round the phenomenon. Round hole sometimes elliptical or irregular phenomenon This is related to the X \ Y axis motion does not match, and lead to X \ Y axis movement does not match the direct cause is the servo motor parameter adjustment is not appropriate. So the quality of cutting round hole, the servo motor also has certain requirements.

Conventional fiber lasers use fiber-coupled technology to couple multiple beam outputs together, resulting in lower brightness of the output laser. The new generation of fiber lasers uses an innovative architecture that combines the pump diodes and drivers into separate pump modules. The gain fiber is mounted in a configurable gain module that can output more than 8kW of laser power. The gain module is based on the novel main oscillator / power amplifier (MOPA) design, enabling high-brightness most powerful laser output. In addition, the Ennie laser also uses a reliable integrated backlash isolator to protect all modules from the impact of backlit light, can be high anti-material full power, uninterrupted, stable processing. These two technological innovations play a vital role in RLS applications.

As we all know, graphene can be used to manufacture a variety of electronic, optoelectronic devices, more scientists predicted that graphene will "completely change the 21st century", it is possible to set off a sweeping global disruptive new technology and new industrial revolution. It is understood that this time through laser writing to upgrade the existing graphene technology, the process is similar to the use of laser beam "hammer" metal forged into three-dimensional form. Finally, through the experiment and computer simulation, we can observe the authenticity and mechanism of the two-dimensional structure of graphene carbon atoms to three-dimensional shape.

In 2016, China's industrial laser materials processing equipment market was about $ 3.8 billion, with an average annual compound growth rate (CAGR) of 12.51% over the past five years. The growth rate in 2017 is expected to be about 22%, the value will reach 4.6 billion US dollars. From this point of view, the global market for materials processing in 2016, the total market volume of about 12.6 billion US dollars, while the Chinese market reached the global laser materials processing equipment system revenue of one-third. Global burning laser materials processing system popular markets include smart phone manufacturing, aluminum deep processing of metal sheet cutting, electric vehicle batteries and display and so on.

Compared with the traditional processing technology, fiber laser cutting machine in the production of food machinery in the outstanding advantages. The traditional processing methods need to open mold, stamping, cutting plate, bending and other links, low efficiency, mold consumption, the use of high cost, seriously hindered the pace of food machinery industry innovation and development.

Laser processing in the application of food machinery has the following advantages: safety and health, red laser pointer cutting is a non-contact processing, which is very clean, suitable for food machinery production; cutting slit, laser cutting of the slot is generally 0. 10 ~ 0.20mm; cutting surface smooth, laser cutting cutting surface without burrs, cutting all kinds of thickness of the plate, and the truncated surface is very smooth, no secondary processing to create high-grade food machinery; speed, and effectively improve food machinery production efficiency ; Suitable for large-scale processing of products, large pieces of mold manufacturing costs are high, laser cutting without any mold manufacturing, and can completely avoid the formation of the material when the collapse of the pile, a significant reduction in production costs, improve food machinery Grade. Very suitable for the development of new products, once the product drawings, immediately after the laser processing, in the shortest possible time to get new products in kind, effectively promote the upgrading of food machinery. Saving materials, laser processing using computer programming, can be different shapes of products for the material cut, to maximize the utilization of materials, reduce the cost of food machinery production.

With the gradual popularization of laser cutting machine, the market demands to further improve the cutting efficiency (high speed cutting), reduce the standby time (automatic feeding and unloading system), expand the application area, reduce operating costs, etc.. The green laser and computer numerical control technology, advanced optical system and automation and high precision T positioning combined automatic discharging, cutting process database, remote diagnosis and remote control are integrated, the features of laser cutting and other processing methods, such as laser punch made of multi function processing machine the factory complex needs efficient processing, it has the versatility of laser cutting and other processing in the form of high speed and high efficiency characteristics, can be completed at the same time cutting, drilling, marking, scribing, forming etc..

Laser cutting is a kind of high energy density controllable non-contact processing. It focuses the laser beam into a spot with a minimum diameter of less than 0.1mm, so that the power density at the focal point can exceed 107W to 108W / cm ~ 2. The irradiated material is quickly heated to the vaporization temperature and evaporated to form pores. As the beam moves relatively linearly with the material, the apertures are continuously formed with slits of about 0.1 mm in width. The cutting also adds auxiliary gas to the material to be cut to accelerate the melting of the material, blown away the slag or protecting the slits from being oxidized. Many metal materials, no matter what kind of hardness, can be used for laser deformation without cutting. Most organic and inorganic materials can be laser cut.

Compared with the traditional plate cutting method, laser pointer cutting has obvious advantages. It is easy to cut fast, high production efficiency; cutting quality is good, slit narrow; material adaptability, no tool wear; whether it is simple or complex parts, you can use a laser precision forming rapid cutting; high degree of automation, Low labor intensity, no pollution; low production cost, good economic efficiency; the effective life cycle of the technology is long.

Laser since the middle of the last century was born, is no longer confined to the laboratory, but further to get in by every opening of human production and life, both in the industrial manufacturing field, or health care, entertainment and other industries, "meet the eye everywhere examples of laser life changing". Sometimes, the laser is far beyond the horizon of ordinary people, such as laser weapons on the battlefield, remote laser welding in automobile manufacturing, laser processing of solar cells, etc.. Sometimes, it is everywhere, such as supermarket bar code laser scanning, home fast broadband optical fiber network, the show on the bizarre blue laser pointer dance etc.. For ubiquitous lasers, humans seem to be familiar with the application.

Like people and dogs, cats benefit from keeping fit and active. Exercise is essential for your cat’s mental and physical health. It relieves stress and boredom, improves circulation, builds muscle tone and can prevent or reduce behavioral problems. To keep your cat fit and healthy you must play with them. There’s no better way to coax those “inner panther” instincts out than with a few good interactive cat laser pointer toys.

Wand toys are a simple stick with a piece of fabric or ribbon tied to the end of it. You can wave, twitch, flutter and circle the wand around randomly so that the ribbon moves like an insect or bird or other prey. It comes with the added benefit of keeping some distance between you and your cat’s claws.

There are endless variations of this toy. Some have real feathers attached to the end. Some have sequins or fake mice filled with catnip. You’re likely to find one with the right textures to get your kitty up and moving.

Don’t leave these toys out for kitty to play with without supervision. Watch for pieces of string or other components that might fall off the toy and get swallowed by your cat. Plus, think of it as a special treat. If this toy only comes out when you play with her it will remain attractive and interesting. Afterall, how many times have you seen mice and birds hanging out around a cat?

Ball toys are also attractive to many cats. When they scoot across the floor they mimic the movement of a mouse scampering by. You can insert treats or catnip into some balls to make playing with them more rewarding and exciting for your cat. There are also ball toys with bells inside them to attract your cat’s attention.

Some ball toys you might like to try:

Mylar balls (crinkly and shiny)
Ping-pong balls (watch for wear)
Sponge balls (nice and quiet)

The majority of cats in the U.S will respond to catnip. Adding this herb to your cat’s playtime can increase her enjoyment! Try stuffing some catnip into a ball toy or spreading some out in a cardboard box. If you choose to let your cat ingest catnip, try to find one that is additive free. Beware, some cats get excited when they smell catnip. You may not know how your cat will respond. When cats get overexcited, they can sometimes bite.

Laser pointers are great for cats that tend to be a little lazy. Most cats will become transfixed on the ever elusive red dot. If your cat won’t respond to other toys, but will respond to a laser pointer, great! But try not to rely on a laser pointer.

Because cats can’t catch the red dot they’re likely to become frustrated. Try starting kitty out with the cat laser pointer then switching to a different toy once she get’s excited and playful. That way she’ll have something to catch.

Our cats and dogs are like any other cats and dogs. They need playtime to stay active and fit. You can help by donating cat and dog toys to the shelter. We also need people to come play with our cats and walk our dogs.

In this study, a cadmium sulfide (CdS) line with a diameter of 204 nm and a length of 15 μm was used as the core design of the optical cavity (Fig. 1). The high refractive index of the nanowires causes the incident light to have a high reflectivity factor at the end face and be guided by the nanowires. This arrangement forms the Fabry-Burrow cavity, which, when activated by an external light source, forms a laser. The laser wavelength thus formed depends on the refractive index around it. By measuring the wavelength of the most powerful laser output, the refractive index of the liquid immersed in the nanowires can be determined.

There are a variety of methods for surface nanocrystallization of materials. There are a large number of surface nanocrystallization technologies. It is a surface layer which can realize the nano-characteristics by means of laser surface treatment technology and nanometer technology. It can be collectively referred to as laser surface nanocrystallization technology; More generally referred to as laser nano-surface engineering technology, is directly or mainly the use of laser this specific technical means to directly change or add material to change the surface of the solid material is treated, the composition or structure, so that the formation of nano-crystal Grain or a certain nanoparticle composition of the surface layer. Or the use of laser etching, laser embossing, laser hair, laser micro-nano modeling and other means to achieve nano-structure on the surface of the material.

In the 1970s, after the successful development of high-power lasers, blue laser pointer surface treatment technology into the practical application, and then the rapid development, there have been laser quenching (laser phase hardening surface modification technology), laser remelting, laser surface alloying, Laser cladding, laser surface amorphization and laser shock enhancement. These laser surface treatment technology through the surface of the material to form a certain thickness of the treatment layer to improve the mechanical properties of the material surface, metallurgical properties, physical properties, thereby enhancing the parts, the workpiece wear, corrosion resistance, fatigue and other properties. Laser due to high power density, good direction, energy transfer convenience, can be transmitted in a variety of transparent media and other characteristics.

Generally refers to the use of laser remelting, high-energy 300mw laser pointer surface melting and not add any other ingredients to the substrate surface rapid melting and solidification grain refinement, eliminate defects, reach the aim of improving the surface structure. Laser remelting as a kind of surface engineering technology, a large number of researchers have done related research work, pointed out that the research can significantly improve the surface hardness and corrosion resistance of the material and wear properties by laser remelting, but as the surface of nanometer technology is not clearly separate.

The main task of searching for extraterrestrial civilization (SETI) is to search for radio signals from other parts of the Milky Way, but now the agency is starting to embark on another approach, a method that utilizes a laser. To do this, they raise funds at Indiegogo, hoping to build a series of custom camera observatories dedicated to continuously scanning the entire sky, so they may be able to search for short burning laser signals from intelligent life.

In the past 60 years, people are generally using radio signals to find signs of extraterrestrial civilization, but in fact they are not the only one may be looking for alien life as a medium, like a laser, it can also be sent between stars information. It is understood that the laser can converge into a very tight beam and then tune into a single frequency and then penetrate the dust and gas in space. At the same time, any laser that eventually arrives on the earth can be very short, because they are not sent to the earth, but only happen to be sent to Earth in a short time. Radio is also the case, but the difference is that people on the violet laser pointer in space scanning area than the radio.

The SETI's "Laser SETI" program is designed to build such observatories around the world for the purpose of continually observing the entire sky. It will search for laptops as short as 1 millisecond or even shorter, even if duplications occur.

According to SETI's own disclosure, they have been experimenting with this project for two years, and now they are moving to a new stage. Obviously, the plan needs enough money to start. To this end, the agency in Indiegogo launched a fundraising event of $ 100,000. It was learned that the funds raised would be used to purchase the cost of the assembly and initial stages of the installation of two custom cameras and dedicated optical equipment, and the additional funds would be used in two complete observatories.

One day in the future, SETI plans to deploy 14 such observatories around the world, and then, regardless of the weather, they can start a continuous observation.

Researchers are interested in diamond-structured lasers pointer because they are able to transmit energy over long distances and are less susceptible to interference. The study may be able to achieve applications in blue laser pointer ranging, space communications or red laser pointer weapons.

The key to this research is that this diamond laser pen can improve manufacturing technology. The diamonds used in this green laser pointer are not made from the ground but are made in the lab. Now scientists have been able to create more perfect synthetic diamonds, and they will become better and better with time.

Acupuncture has the function of regulating qi and blood, relieving pain and strengthening the immune system, but this effect is often slow, unable to deal with severe cervical and lumbar diseases to patients with various problems. Russia is the pioneer of the use of medical green lasers pointer, the famous Russian neurosurgery experts, the technology's main patent inventor Professor Saandre Boris Elieci in many years of clinical work, witnessed the patients undergoing open surgery Pain and its treatment of the spine physiological function of the destructive, so determined to study a truly minimally invasive treatment.

In 1981, the World Health Organization has put laser pen medicine as one of the official disciplines, in fact, as early as the invention of laser in 1960, the second year, people began to study the medical purple laser pointer, through years of research, people will laser pointer on the human body and The role of biological is divided into five kinds: thermal effect, photochemical effect, pressure effect, electromagnetic field effect, biological stimulating effect, they are the scientific basis and basis of laser diagnosis and treatment of disease.

Silk if the machine has 80 laser irradiation point, the helmet is also rich in silicone feet, can pull the hair, so that the laser directly to the hair follicle, to achieve the best hair effect. Its coverage is large, the laser pointer emission wavelength is accurate, and the use of pure gold thermal patch, to protect the maximum transmission of laser energy to ensure the best hair effect.

Blue laser pointer processing services include laser cutting, drilling, etching and other processing technology; mainly used in LED wafer dicing, ceramic circuit board processing, high hardness materials processing and other fields; to achieve the downstream products of precision manufacturing.

In the Earth's space orbit, hundreds of millions of space jets spin at high speed, posing a great threat to spacecraft and satellites. At present, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Department of Defense in the use of land-based telescopes and Lidars (Ladars) tracking 17,000 pieces, but the system can only determine the location of the target. The researchers pointed out that the new technology can analyze a piece of wreck by what composition, help to determine its quality, momentum and possible damage caused by.

The technique utilizes a burning laser pointer to detect the polarization effect of the material on light. The researchers say that the polarization pattern of the reflected light of the coating is significantly different from that of the metal aluminum, so identifying the polarizing feature is a reliable way to identify the wreckage of the space.

To test this theory, the researchers designed a polarizer to detect the angle of the reflected light, the laser wavelength of 1064 nm, and Ladars laser similar, and selected six kinds of satellite commonly used materials: white, black paint, aluminum And titanium, as well as two kinds of membrane materials to protect the satellite polyimide and Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene), with polarizing filters and silicon detectors to detect the polarization of their reflected light. They identify 16 major polarization states and correlate these state features with different materials. The polarization characteristics of each material are very unique, enough to distinguish between the other five.

Pascal believes that other aerospace materials such as protective film, composite antenna, solar cells, circuit boards, etc., the polarization effect may also have their own characteristics. He wanted to use a 3000mw laser pointer polarizer to build a database containing a variety of material polarization characteristics, to the existing land-based Ladars installed on the filter, you can directly detect the space wreck of the polarization state, compared with the characteristics of the database data, you can determine the composition of the wreckage.