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Knowledge of epidemic prevention and control

In the face of the new coronavirus, we should not panic, actively cooperate with the epidemic prevention and control work Rapid antigen self test, and do their own prevention and control. Here is a look at the new coronavirus prevention and control knowledge ~

New coronavirus

First of all, let's understand the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of the new coronavirus.

The new coronavirus (hereinafter referred to as the new coronavirus) belongs to the beta genus coronavirus, which is sensitive to ultraviolet light and heat, and can be effectively inactivated by ether, 75% ethanol, chlorinated disinfectants, peroxyacetic acid and chloroform.

Sources of infection and main transmission routes

The main sources of infection are confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia and asymptomatic infected persons; the main routes of transmission are through respiratory droplets and close contact, in a relatively closed environment through aerosol transmission, and contact with objects contaminated with the virus may also cause infection.

Omicron

It is worth noting that the Omicron variant has now become the dominant epidemic strain in China for both imported and local outbreaks. Available studies suggest that the Omicron variant has a shorter average incubation period, mostly 2-4 days, a stronger ability to spread, a faster rate of transmission, a lower infectious dose, a reduced pathogenicity, and a stronger immune escape capacity, and that existing vaccines are still effective in preventing severe illness and death caused by this variant.

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Public prevention and control measures

Publicity and education

Public education on new pneumonia prevention and control knowledge is carried out in a comprehensive and multi-channel manner by fully utilizing new media such as the Internet, microblogs, weibo, clients, and traditional media such as radio, TV, newspapers, and promotional materials, emphasizing that each person is the first person responsible for his or her own health, advocating public compliance with the basic code of conduct for epidemic prevention, insisting on diligent hand washing, wearing masks, frequent ventilation, the communal chopsticks system, the "one-meter line "One-meter line", cough etiquette, cleaning and disinfection and other good hygiene habits and healthy lifestyles such as reasonable diet and moderate exercise, and consciously improve health literacy and self-protection ability.

Reduce gatherings, dinners and parties during the outbreak, cooperate with risk screening, nucleic acid testing and other preventive and control measures, maintain awareness of self-health management, improve body immunity, and seek medical attention promptly when suspicious symptoms appear.

Vaccination

1. Expand the scope of the new coronavirus vaccination population to 3 years of age or older, adhere to the principles of informed consent and voluntariness, and encourage people over 3 years of age who are not contraindicated to receive vaccination to do so.

2. One dose of homologous or sequential booster immunization will be given to eligible target groups over 18 years of age, but not both homologous and sequential booster immunizations.

3. Focus on increasing the full immunization rate and booster immunization rate for the elderly aged 60 years and above and other groups at high risk of serious illness.

4. Further improve the vaccination strategy based on the progress of vaccine development and clinical trial results.

Epidemic Surveillance and Prevention and Control

Epidemic surveillance mainly includes epidemic detection and reporting, and multi-channel alert. Among them, outbreak detection reports include cases, asymptomatic infected persons and aggregated case detection reports. Multi-channel surveillance and early warning is carried out in accordance with the principle of combining point and surface, symptom surveillance and nucleic acid testing, and the combination of infectious disease surveillance system and surveillance system of other departments, and carrying out multi-channel surveillance of people, materials and environment. It includes several aspects of medical institution attendants, risk occupational groups, key institutions and place personnel, community management groups, centralized isolation places and medical institutions, imported items and environment, drugs and virus genetic variation monitoring.

Regarding the disposal of the epidemic, it mainly includes nine steps of infectious source control, flow transfer and risk area (personnel) delineation and control, regional nucleic acid testing, personnel transfer, isolation management, traceability investigation, disinfection, mental health services and epidemic information release.

Basic code of conduct for citizens' epidemic prevention

1. Wash your hands regularly. Wash or disinfect your hands when they are dirty, before cooking, before eating, before defecating, before caring for the elderly, children and patients, before touching your mouth, nose and eyes, after returning home, after caring for patients, after coughing or sneezing, after cleaning, after cleaning garbage, after defecating, after touching couriers, after touching elevator buttons, door handles and other public facilities.

2. Wear a scientific mask. When taking elevators, public transportation, or entering crowded public places, you should wear a mask; when you have fever, dry cough, weakness, sore throat, etc., it is recommended that you wear a medical surgical mask or a mask of the above level when seeking medical attention. Masks should be changed in a timely manner and worn for a total of no more than 8 hours per mask.

3. Pay attention to cough etiquette. When coughing and sneezing, cover your nose and mouth with a tissue, or use your elbow if you don't have a tissue.

4. Do not gather. During the epidemic period, gather less, visit friends and relatives, attend less wedding banquets and funerals, and do not go to crowded places unless necessary.

5. Eat civilized meals. Do not mix utensils, use common chopsticks for dishes, and share meals as much as possible; when eating in the canteen, try to bring your own utensils.

6. Observe the 1-meter line. When queuing, paying, talking, exercising, visiting or shopping, keep a social distance of 1 meter or more.

7. Ventilate often. Open the windows 2~3 times a day, 20~30 minutes each time. When the temperature is suitable, you can make the window open often.

8. Do a good job of cleaning and disinfection. Keep the room clean and tidy on a daily basis. Clean and disinfect cookware and countertops used for imported frozen foods, items used by patients and visitors, and eating utensils in a timely manner. When receiving courier, wipe or spray the outer package of courier with 75% alcohol or chlorine disinfectant, etc. Discard the outer package promptly after unpacking and do hand hygiene. Before using the air conditioner, clean and disinfect the filter, evaporator surface and air inlet and outlet of the wall-mounted air conditioner.

9. Keep the toilet hygiene. Cover the toilet before flushing, open the window or exhaust fan frequently, and keep the water seal in the water storage bend. Clean and disinfect the sanitary ware and floor in the toilet regularly, and clean and disinfect the surface when there is dirt or mold.

10. Adopt a healthy lifestyle. Strengthen physical exercise, adhere to regular work and rest, ensure sufficient sleep, keep a healthy mind; eat healthy, quit smoking and limit alcohol; do daily health monitoring, and seek medical attention when you have symptoms such as fever, dry cough, weakness and sore throat.

11. Nucleic acid testing. Cooperate with the regular epidemic prevention and control and nucleic acid testing in local epidemic management as required to ensure that "all tests should be done" and be responsible for the health of yourself and your family.

12. Vaccination. In response to the national vaccination policy for the new coronavirus, people over 3 years of age who are not contraindicated to receive vaccination should be vaccinated, so as to protect their health.